Thursday, 17 March 2011

TCP/IP [Transmission Control Protocol&Internet Protocol]

TCP/IP [Transmission Control Protocol&Internet Protocol]:

Definition: It is used for Communicating the system in a network. It means set of rules. Actually TCP/IP was designed for unix family but it will be support for all type of operating system. So it is a platform independent. It's called Internet Protocols. Its Control mainly IP address. Two types of ADDRESS:
software address: It's a network IP address , 32-bit address.
Hardware address It's a network MAC address , 48-bit address.


                                                            
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 IP    MAC
Assigned by Administrator    Assigned by Manufactured concern.
It means nic[network interface card]
Temporary address.    Permanent address
Example: Router Identification.

Software IP address: It's a 32-bit address. It's caontain four octal-bit

8       8       8       8
w       x       y       z

--to identify amachine in a network.

W min value 0000 0000
W max value 1111 1111

Types of Classes:               Range

CLASS A
                             0-126       127 as aloop backup.It's means that controlling the network devices.
CLASS B                             128-191
CLASS C                             192-223
CLASS D                             224-239
CLASS E                             240-255





CLASS A
IP Address Contains two parts Net ID Host ID

8       8       8       8
w       x       y       z
|
|
/
W as a Net ID        then another x,y,z as a Host ID.

Types of Octal ID:               Range

W                                                  0-126
X                                                   0-255
Y                                                   0-255
Z                                                   0-255





CLASS B
IP Address Contains two parts Net ID Host ID

8       8       8       8
w       x       y       z
|______|
     |
     |
    /
W ,X as a Net ID   Y,Z as a Host ID.

Types of Octal ID:               Range

W                                                  0-126
X                                                   0-255
Y                                                   0-255
Z                                                   0-255





CLASS C
IP Address Contains two parts Net ID Host ID

8       8       8       8
w       x       y       z
|__________|
        |
        |
       /
W ,X,Y as a Net ID        Z as a Host ID.

Types of Octal ID:               Range

W                                                  0-126
X                                                   0-255
Y                                                   0-255
Z                                                   0-255





CLASS D

IP Address Contains two parts Net ID Host ID

8       8       8       8
w       x       y       z
|_______________|-->         W X,Y,Z as a Net ID.

Types of Octal ID:               Range

W                                                  0-126
X                                                   0-255
Y                                                   0-255
Z                                                   0-255





CLASS E

--Its a Reserved for future Purpose Only.



Note: Netbeu was designed for windows family. IPx/SPx was designed for Novell Network.

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